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Linear Algebra and Geometry 3 (Udemy.com)

Inner product spaces, quadratic forms, symmetric matrices: more advanced problem solving; singular value decomposition

Created by: Hania Uscka-Wehlou

Last updated August 2026

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What you will learn

  • How to solve problems in linear algebra and geometry (illustrated with 144 solved problems) and why these methods work.
  • Solve more advanced problems on eigendecomposition and orthogonality than in the second course.
  • Use diagonalization of matrices for solving various problems from different branches of mathematics (ODE, dynamical systems).
  • Inner product spaces different from R^n: space of continuous functions, spaces of polynomials, spaces of matrices.
  • Work with geometric concepts as length (norm), distance, angles, and orthogonality in non-geometric setups.
  • Pythagorean Theorem, Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, and triangle inequality in various inner product spaces.
  • Orthogonal and orthonormal bases, and Gram-Schmidt process in various inner product spaces.
  • Min-max problems using Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, Best Approximation Theorem, least squares solutions.

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Course Description

Linear Algebra and Geometry 3

Inner product spaces, quadratic forms, and more advanced problem solving


[None of our courses are produced using AI; they are all real-human products.]


Chapter 1: Eigendecomposition, spectral decomposition


S1. Introduction to the course

S2. Geometrical operators in the plane and in the 3-space

You will learn: using eigenvalues and eigenvectors of geometrical operators such as symmetries, projections, and rotations in order to get their standard matrices; you will also strengthen your understanding of geometrical transformations.

S3. More problem solving; spaces different from R^n

You will learn: work with eigendecomposition of matrices for linear operators on various vector spaces.

S4. Intermezzo: isomorphic vector spaces

You will learn: about certain similarities between different spaces and how to measure them.

S5. Recurrence relations, dynamical systems, Markov matrices

You will learn: more exciting applications of eigenvalues and diagonalization.

S6. Solving systems of linear ODE, and solving higher order ODE

You will learn: solve systems of linear ODE and linear ODE of higher order with help of diagonalization.


Chapter 2: Inner product spaces


S7. Inner product as a generalization of dot product

You will learn: about other products with similar properties as dot product, and how they can look in different vector spaces.

S8. Norm, distance, angles, and orthogonality in inner product spaces

You will learn: how to define geometric concepts in non-geometric setups.

S9. Projections and Gram-Schmidt process in various inner product spaces

You will learn: apply Gram-Schmidt process in inner product spaces different from R^n (which were already covered in Part 2); work with projections on subspaces.

S10. Min-max problems, best approximations, and least squares

You will learn: solve some simple min-max problems with help of Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, find the shortest distance to subspaces in IP spaces, handle inconsistent systems of linear equations.


Chapter 3: Symmetric matrices and quadratic forms


S11. Diagonalization of symmetric matrices

You will learn: about various nice properties of symmetric matrices, and about orthogonal diagonalization.

S12. Quadratic forms and their classification

You will learn: how to describe (geometrically) and recognise (from their equation) quadratic curves and surfaces.

S13. Constrained optimization

You will learn: how to determine the range of quadratic forms on (generalized) unit spheres in R^n.


Chapter 4: The Grand Finale


S14. Singular value decomposition

You will learn: about singular value decomposition: how it works and why it works; about pseudo-inverses.

S15. Wrap-up Linear Algebra and Geometry


Make sure that you check with your professor what parts of the course you will need for your final exam. Such things vary from country to country, from university to university, and they can even vary from year to year at the same university.


A detailed description of the content of the course, with all the 200 videos and their titles, and with the texts of all the 144 problems solved during this course, is presented in the resource file

“001 List_of_all_Videos_and_Problems_Linear_Algebra_and_Geometry_3.pdf”

under Video 1 ("Introduction to the course"). This content is also presented in Video 1.

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Instructor Details

Hania Uscka-Wehlou

I am a multilingual mathematician with a passion for mathematics education. I always try to find the simplest possible explanations for mathematical concepts and theories, with illustrations whenever possible, and with geometrical motivations.

I worked as a senior lecturer in mathematics at Uppsala University (from August 2017 to August 2019) and at Mälardalen University (from August 2019 to May 2021) in Sweden, but I terminated my permanent employment to be able to create courses for Udemy full-time.

I am originally from Poland where I studied theoretical mathematics and got pedagogical qualifications at the Copernicus University in Toruń (1992-1997). Before that, I enjoyed a very rigorous mathematical education in a mathematical class in high school "Liceum IV" in Toruń, which gave me a very solid foundation for everything else I have learned and taught later.

In my courses I teach various branches of university mathematics that I have learned from absolutely excellent lectures of my dear professors from Toruń: Mirosław Uscki (b.1946), Zbigniew Bobiński (b.1940), Paweł Jarek (1933-2013), and Stanisław Balcerzyk (1932-2005).

My PhD thesis (2009) was at Uppsala University in Sweden, with the title: "Digital Lines, Sturmian Words, and Continued Fractions".

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Reviews

4.9

141 ratings on Udemy

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By Adam Grisanti on 6/17/2026

All of Hania's Linear Algebra courses have been excellent. I completed my engineering education years ago without taking any courses specifically in linear algebra. During that time I learned what I needed to know to solve the problems at hand, which gave me some knowledge but I was lacking in deeper theoretical understanding. These courses have been very interesting for me and gave insight into what all the calculations are actually doing and *why* they are done the way that they are.

By Matteo Maglio on 1/23/2026

The course offers very interesting lectures, detailed and well-organised. Mathematics is partly theory (philosophy) and partly "mechanics" of calculation. Without the mechanics of calculation, it remains abstract; without the theoretical part, understanding is lacking. That is why it is very important to exercise. Practice allows theory to become a technical skill and mechanics to acquire meaning. Better if listened to with voice speed regulated x1.25 or x1.5. Note: Section 2, Video 9 time 17.06 .. the automatic VTT .. " ... So then I will simply get back my vector by Arthur. " Do not trust the text.

By Richard Harrington on 12/3/2025

If you've already taken any of Hania's courses, then this will be beating a dead horse because you already know you can expect high quality. Linear Algebra and Geometry 3 resumes right where part 2 leaves off, further building your intuition surrounding matrix diagonalization and eigenvectors. She touches on several useful auxiliary topics including an introduction to some abstract algebra concepts, solving systems of ODEs, difference equations, and more. As in my reviews for parts 1 and 2, I can't recommend this course enough.

By Francisco Ortega on 4/22/2025

There many pros in this course many examples and lot of formal proofs. Graphical material is provided to clarifies the concepts in the course. The only con is that is a bit large. That is not a problem if you take the time to watch the videos. There are a lot of interplay between computations and theory. A great course. I want to make a suggestion, I wonder how plausible will be a series of Advance Linear Algebra. That is all, I know Hania has yet her schedule of courses so my suggestion is for the long run. Thanks

By Adil hafeez on 2/13/2024

Words can't justify how good this course is , so lets try a different way Theorem: The course taken yields an excellent experience. Proof: Let C denote the course taken. Suppose C encompasses a comprehensive set of topics denoted by T. Let E be the experience gained from C. We assert that E is excellent, i.e., =Excellent E=Excellent. By the completeness property of C, all essential concepts and methodologies are covered. Furthermore, the pedagogical approach employed in C fosters deep understanding and retention of knowledge. Therefore, by definition, the course taken ( C) provides an excellent experience ( = Excellent E=Excellent)

By Matthew Turner on 8/12/2023

Completed course linear algebra course 2 and gained very useful information. She needs to make a course 4. And she needs to obtain an applied course in linear algebra. Covered some topics in the third course that have no geometric interpretation.

By Salvador Tallabs on 9/5/2022

Excelente presentación y didáctica

By Murat Furkan on 9/1/2022

Best courses I took about the linear algebra (including the ones I took at the school). Anyone interested in topics should definitely enroll these courses (the Linear Algebra series by Prof Hania). As an engineering student these lectures made me interested even in the more theoretical parts. I'll definitely learn more about linear algebra, since these courses gave me great foundations. The instructor is very knowledgeable and polite (gives great feedback even to my most stupid questions :) ). I thank both instructors for their great effort on these courses, and look forward to their next courses!

By Tetyana Mamchych on 11/7/2021

The present is a logical continuation of two earlier courses by Hania, and it is presented in the same spirit – extremely carefully and in detail. It bridges elementary linear algebra with its most standard mathematical applications, motivating the students to further study both. Noteworthy here are applications under the heading of singular value decomposition, basic for what may be called linear data analysis, key to engineering and statistical computations. A warmly recommended course, for prospective data analysts not least.

By Richard Bonner on 10/24/2021

This extends Hania's courses one and two with the same title, and it should be the most useful in terms of applications. It also is the hardest to present, if to follow the explicit style of the predecessors. Some abstraction is inevitable, handled carefully enough, but time is mostly spent explaining ideas and examining examples. The lectures are as easy to follow as any lectures could be, perhaps deceptively so, for some ideas are subtle. The students willing to listen and spend some time with the problems will be richly rewarded.

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Overall Score : 98 / 100